See subrupare on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "surpu"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "surpari"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "surpu"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "sărup"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "sărupari"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "surpa"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "surpare"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "surrupare"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "sub-<t:under, below>",
"4": "rūpēs<t:cliff, rock><pos:noun>",
"5": "-o<alt:-āre><pos:verb-forming suffix><id:denominative>",
"text": "+",
"title": "*subrūpāre",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-\nLatin rūpēs\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -āre\nLatin *subrūpāre\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*supo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"cliff, rock\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rūpēs\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"noun\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-āre\", \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-o\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"verb-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"*subrūpāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"*subrūpāre\">\nFrom sub- (“under, below”) + rūpēs (“cliff, rock”, noun) + -āre (verb-forming suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-\nLatin rūpēs\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -āre\nLatin *subrūpāre\nFrom sub- (“under, below”) + rūpēs (“cliff, rock”, noun) + -āre (verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "subrūpāre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb",
"head": "*subrūpāre"
},
"expansion": "*subrūpāre",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "especially",
"3": "PBR"
},
"expansion": "(especially Proto-Balkan-Romance)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Latin/subrupare",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "derūpāre"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms prefixed with sub-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -o (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Balkan-Romance",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"undermine, cave in"
],
"id": "en-subrupare-la-verb-CKnMaOAq",
"links": [
[
"undermine",
"undermine"
],
[
"cave in",
"cave in"
]
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Balkan-Romance",
"especially",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ruin, destroy, demolish, crumble"
],
"id": "en-subrupare-la-verb-ikqM90v8",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"demolish",
"demolish"
],
[
"crumble",
"crumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) ruin, destroy, demolish, crumble"
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Balkan-Romance",
"especially",
"figuratively",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surruˈpare/"
}
],
"word": "subrupare"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries referencing missing etymons",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *upó",
"Latin terms prefixed with sub-",
"Latin terms suffixed with -o (denominative)",
"Latin verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Proto-Balkan-Romance"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "surpu"
},
{
"lang": "Aromanian",
"lang_code": "rup",
"word": "surpari"
},
{
"lang": "Istro-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruo",
"word": "surpu"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "sărup"
},
{
"lang": "Megleno-Romanian",
"lang_code": "ruq",
"word": "sărupari"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "surpa"
},
{
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"word": "surpare"
}
],
"lang": "Balkan Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Neapolitan",
"lang_code": "nap",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "surrupare"
}
],
"lang": "Italo-Romance",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "sub-<t:under, below>",
"4": "rūpēs<t:cliff, rock><pos:noun>",
"5": "-o<alt:-āre><pos:verb-forming suffix><id:denominative>",
"text": "+",
"title": "*subrūpāre",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-\nLatin rūpēs\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -āre\nLatin *subrūpāre\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*supo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sub-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"cliff, rock\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"rūpēs\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"noun\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-āre\", \"id\" : \"denominative\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-o\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"verb-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"*subrūpāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"*subrūpāre\">\nFrom sub- (“under, below”) + rūpēs (“cliff, rock”, noun) + -āre (verb-forming suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *upó\nProto-Italic *supo\nLatin sub\nLatin sub-\nLatin rūpēs\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti\nProto-Italic *-āō\nLatin -āre\nLatin *subrūpāre\nFrom sub- (“under, below”) + rūpēs (“cliff, rock”, noun) + -āre (verb-forming suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "subrūpāre",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb",
"head": "*subrūpāre"
},
"expansion": "*subrūpāre",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "especially",
"3": "PBR"
},
"expansion": "(especially Proto-Balkan-Romance)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Latin/subrupare",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "derūpāre"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"undermine, cave in"
],
"links": [
[
"undermine",
"undermine"
],
[
"cave in",
"cave in"
]
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Balkan-Romance",
"especially",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ruin, destroy, demolish, crumble"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"demolish",
"demolish"
],
[
"crumble",
"crumble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) ruin, destroy, demolish, crumble"
],
"tags": [
"Proto-Balkan-Romance",
"especially",
"figuratively",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/surruˈpare/"
}
],
"word": "subrupare"
}
Download raw JSONL data for subrupare meaning in All languages combined (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (e79dea5 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.